Electric Arc Furnace¶

This dataset contains techno-economic data on an electric-arc furnace operated with scrap or direct reduced iron.

Fields¶

The techno-economic data is distinguished across the following fields.

Operation Mode (mode)¶

• Primary: Operate with direct reduced iron (primary route).
• Secondary: Operate with scrap (secondary route).

Reheating (reheating)¶

• w/ reheating: Working with cold direct reduced iron that needs reheating.
• w/o reheating: Working with hot direct reduced iron that needs no reheating.

Aggregated parameters¶

All data in this dataset can be aggregated via the NOSLAG workflow, which yields the following parameters:

ⓘ	variable	CAPEX	Input|Alloys	Input|Coal	Input|Direct Reduced Iron	Input|Electricity	Input|Graphite Electrode	Input|Heat	Input|Lime	Input|Natural Gas	Input|Nitrogen	Input|Oxygen	Input|Steel Scrap	OPEX Fixed	OPEX Variable	Output Capacity|Steel Liquid	Output|Steel Liquid
	unit	EUR_2024	t	MWh_coal_LHV	t	MWh	t	MWh	kg	MWh_NG_LHV	t	t_O2	t	kEUR_2024/year	EUR_2024	t/year	t
mode	reheating
Primary	w/ reheating	320.0	0.0107	0.175	1.0	0.618	0.00213	0.167	50.0	0.2160	0.5	0.155	0.185	0.0322	13.1	1.0	1.0
Primary	w/o reheating	320.0	0.0107	0.175	1.0	0.565	0.00213	0.167	50.0	0.2160	0.5	0.155	0.185	0.0322	13.1	1.0	1.0
Secondary	w/ reheating	320.0	0.0107			0.514	0.00213	0.119	50.0	0.0416	0.5	0.155	1.090	0.0322	13.1	1.0	1.0
Secondary	w/o reheating	320.0	0.0107			0.514	0.00213	0.119	50.0	0.0416	0.5	0.155	1.090	0.0322	13.1	1.0	1.0

Energy demand¶

The figure below gives an overview of the energy demand reported by different sources across different energy carriers.

Raw data¶

The table below contains the raw data contained in this dataset. The raw data has not be normalised or harmonised in any way and should closely resemble the data as it is reported by the respective sources. You can also find this data in the GitHub repo in this file: posted/database/tedfs/Tech/Electric Arc Furnace.csv

ⓘsource	source_detail	mode	reheating	component	period	variable	reference_variable	value	uncertainty	unit	reference_value	reference_unit	comment
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 72 of 88, Document Page 72, Abbildung 26	*	*	#	2022	CAPEX	Output Capacity|Steel Liquid	331.2		EUR_2010	1	t/year	This reference assumes the value provided by Wörtler et al., 2013 (184 EUR/tLS) but with an additional integration factor of 1.8.
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 72 of 88, Document Page 72, Abbildung 26	*	*	#	2022	Input|Alloys	Output|Steel Liquid	0.01		t	1	t
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 80 of 88, Document Page 80, Tabelle 13	Primary	w/ reheating	#	2022	Input|Electricity	Output|Steel Liquid	0.75		MWh	1	t	Reheating of cold DRI. Values based on Vogl et al (2018) but is misquoted- See note on Vogl-2018 electricity demand row.
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 80 of 88, Document Page 80, Tabelle 13	Primary	w/o reheating	#	2022	Input|Electricity	Output|Steel Liquid	0.59		MWh	1	t	Without reheating of DRI. Values based on Vogl et al (2018) but is misquoted- See note on Vogl-2018 electricity demand row.
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 72 of 88, Document Page 72, Abbildung 26	*	*	#	2022	Input|Graphite Electrode	Output|Steel Liquid	0.002		t	1	t
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 72 of 88, Document Page 72, Abbildung 26	*	*	#	2022	Input|Lime	Output|Steel Liquid	0.05		t	1	t
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 72 of 88, Document Page 72, Abbildung 26	*	*	#	2022	Input|Oxygen	Output|Steel Liquid	0.05		t_O2	1	t
Agora-KSV-2023	Page 72 of 88, Document Page 72, Abbildung 26	Primary	*	#	2022	Input|Steel Scrap	Output|Steel Liquid	0.17		t	1	t
Devlin-2022	Section 2.2.2	Primary	*	#	2022	Input|Direct Reduced Iron	Output|Steel Liquid	1.1		t	1	t
Devlin-2022	Section 2.2.2	Primary	*	#	2022	Input|Electricity	Output|Steel Liquid	2.4		MJ		kg
(43 more rows not shown)